US national debt by year and by president
Treasury figures: the debt at the end of each fiscal year since 1790, and the change under each president since daily figures began in 1993.
Right now (estimate)
40,124,452,199,732
Live debt clockDebt by president
From the first business day on or after inauguration day (20 January) to the same day of the next term. Daily figures start on 1 April 1993; the last row runs to today on the live estimate.
| President | Debt at start | Debt at end | Change | Change, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bill Clinton1993 to 2001 | $4.23 trillion1 Apr 1993 | $5.73 trillion22 Jan 2001 | +$1.5 trillion | +36% |
| George W. Bush2001 to 2009 | $5.73 trillion22 Jan 2001 | $10.63 trillion20 Jan 2009 | +$4.9 trillion | +86% |
| Barack Obama2009 to 2017 | $10.63 trillion20 Jan 2009 | $19.95 trillion20 Jan 2017 | +$9.32 trillion | +88% |
| Donald Trump2017 to 2021 | $19.95 trillion20 Jan 2017 | $27.75 trillion20 Jan 2021 | +$7.8 trillion | +39% |
| Joe Biden2021 to 2025 | $27.75 trillion20 Jan 2021 | $36.22 trillion21 Jan 2025 | +$8.47 trillion | +31% |
| Donald Trumpsince 2025 | $36.22 trillion21 Jan 2025 | $40.12 trillionso far (estimate) | +$3.91 trillion | +11% |
Source: U.S. Treasury, Debt to the Penny.
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Debt since 1940
$37.64 trillion$43 billion29 Jun 194030 Sept 2025
Debt by fiscal year
Total debt outstanding at the end of each fiscal year, as the Treasury reports it. The fiscal year has ended on 30 September since 1977.
| Fiscal year | Debt | Change on the year before | Change, % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $37,637,553,494,936 | +$2,172,879,565,764 | +6.1% |
| 2024 | $35,464,673,929,172 | +$2,297,339,884,449 | +6.9% |
| 2023 | $33,167,334,044,723 | +$2,238,422,431,416 | +7.2% |
| 2022 | $30,928,911,613,307 | +$2,499,993,043,258 | +8.8% |
| 2021 | $28,428,918,570,049 | +$1,483,527,375,434 | +5.5% |
| 2020 | $26,945,391,194,615 | +$4,225,989,441,181 | +18.6% |
| 2019 | $22,719,401,753,434 | +$1,203,343,570,254 | +5.6% |
| 2018 | $21,516,058,183,180 | +$1,271,158,167,127 | +6.3% |
| 2017 | $20,244,900,016,054 | +$671,455,302,117 | +3.4% |
| 2016 | $19,573,444,713,937 | +$1,422,827,047,452 | +7.8% |
| 2015 | $18,150,617,666,484 | +$326,546,285,751 | +1.8% |
| 2014 | $17,824,071,380,734 | +$1,085,887,854,037 | +6.5% |
| 2013 | $16,738,183,526,697 | +$671,942,119,311 | +4.2% |
| 2012 | $16,066,241,407,386 | +$1,275,901,078,829 | +8.6% |
| 2011 | $14,790,340,328,557 | +$1,228,717,297,665 | +9.1% |
| 2010 | $13,561,623,030,892 | +$1,651,794,027,380 | +13.9% |
| 2009 | $11,909,829,003,512 | +$1,885,104,106,599 | +18.8% |
| 2008 | $10,024,724,896,912 | +$1,017,071,524,650 | +11.3% |
| 2007 | $9,007,653,372,262 | +$500,679,473,047 | +5.9% |
| 2006 | $8,506,973,899,215 | +$574,264,237,492 | +7.2% |
| 2005 | $7,932,709,661,724 | +$553,656,965,393 | +7.5% |
| 2004 | $7,379,052,696,330 | +$595,821,633,587 | +8.8% |
| 2003 | $6,783,231,062,744 | +$554,995,097,146 | +8.9% |
| 2002 | $6,228,235,965,597 | +$420,772,553,397 | +7.2% |
| 2001 | $5,807,463,412,200 | +$133,285,202,313 | +2.3% |
| 2000 | $5,674,178,209,887 | +$17,907,308,271 | +0.3% |
| 1999 | $5,656,270,901,615 | +$130,077,892,718 | +2.4% |
| 1998 | $5,526,193,008,898 | +$113,046,997,500 | +2.1% |
| 1997 | $5,413,146,011,397 | +$188,335,072,262 | +3.6% |
| 1996 | $5,224,810,939,136 | +$250,828,038,426 | +5% |
| 1995 | $4,973,982,900,709 | +$281,232,990,696 | +6% |
| 1994 | $4,692,749,910,013 | +$281,261,026,874 | +6.4% |
| 1993 | $4,411,488,883,139 | +$346,868,227,618 | +8.5% |
| 1992 | $4,064,620,655,522 | +$399,317,303,825 | +10.9% |
| 1991 | $3,665,303,351,697 | +$431,989,899,920 | +13.4% |
| 1990 | $3,233,313,451,777 | +$375,882,491,590 | +13.2% |
| 1989 | $2,857,430,960,187 | +$255,093,248,146 | +9.8% |
| 1988 | $2,602,337,712,041 | +$252,060,821,088 | +10.7% |
| 1987 | $2,350,276,890,953 | +$224,974,274,295 | +10.6% |
| 1986 | $2,125,302,616,658 | +$302,199,616,658 | +16.6% |
| 1985 | $1,823,103,000,000 | +$250,837,000,000 | +16% |
| 1984 | $1,572,266,000,000 | +$195,056,000,000 | +14.2% |
| 1983 | $1,377,210,000,000 | +$235,176,000,000 | +20.6% |
| 1982 | $1,142,034,000,000 | +$144,179,000,000 | +14.4% |
| 1981 | $997,855,000,000 | +$90,154,000,000 | +9.9% |
| 1980 | $907,701,000,000 | +$81,182,000,000 | +9.8% |
| 1979 | $826,519,000,000 | +$54,975,000,000 | +7.1% |
| 1978 | $771,544,000,000 | +$72,704,000,000 | +10.4% |
| 1977 | $698,840,000,000 | +$78,407,000,000 | +12.6% |
| 1976 | $620,433,000,000 | +$87,244,000,000 | +16.4% |
| 1975 | $533,189,000,000 | +$58,129,184,268 | +12.2% |
| 1974 | $475,059,815,732 | +$16,918,210,419 | +3.7% |
| 1973 | $458,141,605,312 | +$30,881,144,372 | +7.2% |
| 1972 | $427,260,460,941 | +$29,130,716,485 | +7.3% |
| 1971 | $398,129,744,456 | +$27,211,037,506 | +7.3% |
| 1970 | $370,918,706,950 | +$17,198,453,109 | +4.9% |
| 1969 | $353,720,253,841 | +$6,141,847,416 | +1.8% |
| 1968 | $347,578,406,426 | +$21,357,468,631 | +6.5% |
| 1967 | $326,220,937,795 | +$6,313,849,999 | +2% |
| 1966 | $319,907,087,795 | +$2,633,188,812 | +0.8% |
| 1965 | $317,273,898,984 | +$5,560,999,726 | +1.8% |
| 1964 | $311,712,899,257 | +$5,853,266,261 | +1.9% |
| 1963 | $305,859,632,996 | +$7,658,810,276 | +2.6% |
| 1962 | $298,200,822,721 | +$9,229,884,111 | +3.2% |
| 1961 | $288,970,938,610 | +$2,640,177,762 | +0.9% |
| 1960 | $286,330,760,848 | +$1,624,853,770 | +0.6% |
| 1959 | $284,705,907,078 | +$8,362,689,332 | +3% |
| 1958 | $276,343,217,746 | +$5,816,045,849 | +2.1% |
| 1957 | $270,527,171,896 | -$2,223,641,753 | -0.8% |
| 1956 | $272,750,813,649 | -$1,623,409,153 | -0.6% |
| 1955 | $274,374,222,803 | +$3,114,623,694 | +1.1% |
| 1954 | $271,259,599,108 | +$5,188,537,470 | +2% |
| 1953 | $266,071,061,639 | +$6,965,882,853 | +2.7% |
| 1952 | $259,105,178,785 | +$3,883,201,971 | +1.5% |
| 1951 | $255,221,976,815 | -$2,135,375,536 | -0.8% |
| 1950 | $257,357,352,351 | +$4,586,992,491 | +1.8% |
| 1949 | $252,770,359,860 | +$478,113,347 | +0.2% |
| 1948 | $252,292,246,513 | -$5,994,136,596 | -2.3% |
| 1947 | $258,286,383,109 | -$11,135,716,065 | -4.1% |
| 1946 | $269,422,099,173 | +$10,739,911,763 | +4.2% |
| 1945 | $258,682,187,410 | +$57,678,800,189 | +28.7% |
| 1944 | $201,003,387,221 | +$64,307,296,891 | +47% |
| 1943 | $136,696,090,330 | +$64,273,645,214 | +88.7% |
| 1942 | $72,422,445,116 | +$23,461,001,581 | +47.9% |
| 1941 | $48,961,443,536 | +$5,993,912,498 | +13.9% |
| 1940 | $42,967,531,038 | +$2,527,998,627 | +6.3% |
| 1939 | $40,439,532,411 | +$3,274,792,096 | +8.8% |
| 1938 | $37,164,740,315 | +$740,126,583 | +2% |
| 1937 | $36,424,613,732 | +$2,646,070,239 | +7.8% |
| 1936 | $33,778,543,494 | +$5,077,650,869 | +17.7% |
| 1935 | $28,700,892,625 | +$1,647,751,210 | +6.1% |
| 1934 | $27,053,141,414 | +$4,514,468,854 | +20% |
| 1933 | $22,538,672,560 | +$3,051,670,116 | +15.7% |
| 1932 | $19,487,002,444 | +$2,685,720,952 | +16% |
| 1931 | $16,801,281,492 | +$615,971,660 | +3.8% |
| 1930 | $16,185,309,831 | -$745,778,653 | -4.4% |
| 1929 | $16,931,088,484 | -$673,204,717 | -3.8% |
| 1928 | $17,604,293,201 | -$907,613,730 | -4.9% |
| 1927 | $18,511,906,932 | -$1,131,309,383 | -5.8% |
| 1926 | $19,643,216,315 | -$872,977,573 | -4.3% |
| 1925 | $20,516,193,888 | -$734,619,102 | -3.5% |
| 1924 | $21,250,812,989 | -$1,098,894,376 | -4.9% |
| 1923 | $22,349,707,365 | -$613,674,343 | -2.7% |
| 1922 | $22,963,381,708 | -$1,014,068,844 | -4.2% |
| 1921 | $23,977,450,553 | -$1,975,005,854 | -7.6% |
| 1920 | $25,952,456,406 | -$1,438,513,707 | -5.3% |
| 1919 | $27,390,970,113 | +$12,798,808,699 | +87.7% |
| 1918 | $14,592,161,414 | +$8,874,391,134 | +155.2% |
| 1917 | $5,717,770,280 | +$2,108,526,017 | +58.4% |
| 1916 | $3,609,244,262 | +$551,107,389 | +18% |
| 1915 | $3,058,136,873 | +$145,637,604 | +5% |
| 1914 | $2,912,499,269 | -$3,705,645 | -0.1% |
| 1913 | $2,916,204,914 | +$47,831,040 | +1.7% |
| 1912 | $2,868,373,874 | +$102,773,267 | +3.7% |
| 1911 | $2,765,600,607 | +$112,934,769 | +4.3% |
| 1910 | $2,652,665,838 | +$13,119,597 | +0.5% |
| 1909 | $2,639,546,241 | +$12,739,970 | +0.5% |
| 1908 | $2,626,806,272 | +$169,618,210 | +6.9% |
| 1907 | $2,457,188,062 | +$120,026,223 | +5.1% |
| 1906 | $2,337,161,839 | +$62,546,775 | +2.7% |
| 1905 | $2,274,615,064 | +$10,611,479 | +0.5% |
| 1904 | $2,264,003,585 | +$61,538,803 | +2.8% |
| 1903 | $2,202,464,782 | +$43,854,336 | +2% |
| 1902 | $2,158,610,446 | +$15,283,512 | +0.7% |
| 1901 | $2,143,326,934 | +$6,365,842 | +0.3% |
| 1900 | $2,136,961,092 | +$145,033,785 | +7.3% |
| 1899 | $1,991,927,307 | +$195,395,311 | +10.9% |
| 1898 | $1,796,531,996 | -$21,140,670 | -1.2% |
| 1897 | $1,817,672,666 | +$47,832,343 | +2.7% |
| 1896 | $1,769,840,323 | +$93,719,340 | +5.6% |
| 1895 | $1,676,120,983 | +$43,867,347 | +2.7% |
| 1894 | $1,632,253,637 | +$86,267,951 | +5.6% |
| 1893 | $1,545,985,686 | -$42,478,459 | -2.7% |
| 1892 | $1,588,464,145 | +$42,467,553 | +2.7% |
| 1891 | $1,545,996,592 | -$6,143,613 | -0.4% |
| 1890 | $1,552,140,205 | -$66,912,718 | -4.1% |
| 1889 | $1,619,052,922 | -$73,806,062 | -4.4% |
| 1888 | $1,692,858,985 | +$35,256,392 | +2.1% |
| 1887 | $1,657,602,593 | -$117,460,421 | -6.6% |
| 1886 | $1,775,063,014 | -$88,901,859 | -4.8% |
| 1885 | $1,863,964,873 | +$33,435,950 | +1.8% |
| 1884 | $1,830,528,924 | -$53,642,805 | -2.8% |
| 1883 | $1,884,171,728 | -$34,141,266 | -1.8% |
| 1882 | $1,918,312,994 | -$150,700,576 | -7.3% |
| 1881 | $2,069,013,570 | -$51,401,801 | -2.4% |
| 1880 | $2,120,415,371 | -$229,152,111 | -9.8% |
| 1879 | $2,349,567,482 | +$93,361,590 | +4.1% |
| 1878 | $2,256,205,893 | +$50,904,500 | +2.3% |
| 1877 | $2,205,301,392 | +$24,906,325 | +1.1% |
| 1876 | $2,180,395,067 | -$51,889,465 | -2.3% |
| 1875 | $2,232,284,532 | -$19,405,936 | -0.9% |
| 1874 | $2,251,690,468 | +$17,207,475 | +0.8% |
| 1873 | $2,234,482,993 | -$18,768,336 | -0.8% |
| 1872 | $2,253,251,329 | -$99,960,004 | -4.2% |
| 1871 | $2,353,211,332 | -$127,461,095 | -5.1% |
| 1870 | $2,480,672,428 | -$107,779,786 | -4.2% |
| 1869 | $2,588,452,214 | -$23,235,637 | -0.9% |
| 1868 | $2,611,687,851 | -$66,438,253 | -2.5% |
| 1867 | $2,678,126,104 | -$95,110,070 | -3.4% |
| 1866 | $2,773,236,174 | +$92,588,304 | +3.5% |
| 1865 | $2,680,647,870 | +$864,863,499 | +47.6% |
| 1864 | $1,815,784,371 | +$696,012,232 | +62.2% |
| 1863 | $1,119,772,139 | +$595,595,727 | +113.6% |
| 1862 | $524,176,412 | +$433,595,538 | +478.7% |
| 1861 | $90,580,874 | +$25,738,586 | +39.7% |
| 1860 | $64,842,288 | +$6,345,450 | +10.8% |
| 1859 | $58,496,838 | +$13,584,957 | +30.2% |
| 1858 | $44,911,881 | +$16,212,049 | +56.5% |
| 1857 | $28,699,832 | -$3,272,706 | -10.2% |
| 1856 | $31,972,538 | -$3,614,419 | -10.2% |
| 1855 | $35,586,957 | -$6,655,266 | -15.8% |
| 1854 | $42,242,222 | -$17,560,895 | -29.4% |
| 1853 | $59,803,118 | -$6,396,224 | -9.7% |
| 1852 | $66,199,342 | -$2,105,454 | -3.1% |
| 1851 | $68,304,796 | +$4,852,022 | +7.6% |
| 1850 | $63,452,774 | +$390,915 | +0.6% |
| 1849 | $63,061,859 | +$16,016,996 | +34% |
| 1848 | $47,044,862 | +$8,218,327 | +21.2% |
| 1847 | $38,826,535 | +$23,276,332 | +149.7% |
| 1846 | $15,550,203 | -$375,100 | -2.4% |
| 1845 | $15,925,303 | -$7,536,349 | -32.1% |
| 1844 | $23,461,653 | -$9,281,270 | -28.3% |
| 1843 | $32,742,922 | +$19,148,441 | +140.9% |
| 1842 | $13,594,481 | +$8,343,605 | +158.9% |
| 1841 | $5,250,876 | +$1,677,532 | +46.9% |
| 1840 | $3,573,344 | -$6,860,877 | -65.8% |
| 1839 | $10,434,221 | +$7,126,097 | +215.4% |
| 1838 | $3,308,124 | +$2,971,166 | +881.8% |
| 1837 | $336,958 | +$299,445 | +798.2% |
| 1836 | $37,513 | +$3,780 | +11.2% |
| 1835 | $33,733 | -$4,726,349 | -99.3% |
| 1834 | $4,760,082 | -$2,241,617 | -32% |
| 1833 | $7,001,699 | -$17,320,536 | -71.2% |
| 1832 | $24,322,235 | -$14,800,957 | -37.8% |
| 1831 | $39,123,192 | -$9,442,215 | -19.4% |
| 1830 | $48,565,407 | -$9,856,007 | -16.9% |
| 1829 | $58,421,414 | -$9,053,630 | -13.4% |
| 1828 | $67,475,044 | -$6,512,313 | -8.8% |
| 1827 | $73,987,357 | -$7,066,703 | -8.7% |
| 1826 | $81,054,060 | -$2,734,373 | -3.3% |
| 1825 | $83,788,433 | -$6,481,345 | -7.2% |
| 1824 | $90,269,778 | -$606,100 | -0.7% |
| 1823 | $90,875,877 | -$2,670,800 | -2.9% |
| 1822 | $93,546,677 | +$3,559,249 | +4% |
| 1821 | $89,987,428 | -$1,028,138 | -1.1% |
| 1820 | $91,015,566 | -$4,514,082 | -4.7% |
| 1819 | $95,529,648 | -$7,936,986 | -7.7% |
| 1818 | $103,466,634 | -$20,025,331 | -16.2% |
| 1817 | $123,491,965 | -$3,842,969 | -3% |
| 1816 | $127,334,934 | +$27,501,274 | +27.5% |
| 1815 | $99,833,660 | +$18,345,814 | +22.5% |
| 1814 | $81,487,846 | +$25,525,019 | +45.6% |
| 1813 | $55,962,828 | +$10,753,090 | +23.8% |
| 1812 | $45,209,738 | -$2,795,850 | -5.8% |
| 1811 | $48,005,588 | -$5,167,630 | -9.7% |
| 1810 | $53,173,218 | -$3,849,975 | -6.8% |
| 1809 | $57,023,192 | -$8,173,126 | -12.5% |
| 1808 | $65,196,318 | -$4,022,081 | -5.8% |
| 1807 | $69,218,399 | -$6,504,872 | -8.6% |
| 1806 | $75,723,271 | -$6,588,880 | -8% |
| 1805 | $82,312,151 | -$4,114,970 | -4.8% |
| 1804 | $86,427,121 | +$9,372,434 | +12.2% |
| 1803 | $77,054,686 | -$3,657,946 | -4.5% |
| 1802 | $80,712,632 | -$2,325,419 | -2.8% |
| 1801 | $83,038,051 | +$61,756 | +0.1% |
| 1800 | $82,976,294 | +$4,567,625 | +5.8% |
| 1799 | $78,408,670 | -$819,859 | -1% |
| 1798 | $79,228,529 | -$2,835,950 | -3.5% |
| 1797 | $82,064,479 | -$1,697,693 | -2% |
| 1796 | $83,762,172 | +$3,014,585 | +3.7% |
| 1795 | $80,747,587 | +$2,320,183 | +3% |
| 1794 | $78,427,405 | -$1,931,229 | -2.4% |
| 1793 | $80,358,634 | +$3,130,709 | +4.1% |
| 1792 | $77,227,925 | +$1,764,448 | +2.3% |
| 1791 | $75,463,477 | +$4,402,968 | +6.2% |
| 1790 | $71,060,509 |
Source: U.S. Treasury, Historical Debt Outstanding and Debt to the Penny.
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